Showing posts with label Jesus. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jesus. Show all posts

Saturday, August 3, 2013

Why the Plight of Animals is Ours


by Beatrice Victoria Ang

God’s original design was for humans and animals to eat green plants (Gen 1:29-30). But it wasn’t until after the great flood that God “gave” the animals for people to eat, too (Gen 9:3). A textual parallelism is at play—just as God commissioned Adam in the beginning, so now he commissions Noah. But the world Adam was to rule and subdue was a perfect one. Noah’s world—the world we live in today—is still steeped in sin.

To Adam, God said: “Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground (Gen 1:28).”

To Noah, God said: “Be fruitful and increase in number and fill the earth. The fear and dread of you will fall upon the beasts of the earth and all the birds of the air, upon every creature that moves along the ground, and upon all the fish of the sea; they are given to your hands. Everything that lives and moves will be food for you. But you must not eat meat that has its lifeblood still in it (Gen 9:1-3).”

The constant struggle between man and animals in a fallen world is a reality. We share a world; we fight over the same natural resources; the same rainforests and seas. Over the years, animals have been responsible for human deaths even as humans have been responsible for animal deaths. Some would have us believe that animals are “innocent” because they act on instinct and fight for survival. But God does not hold them guiltless when they kill, for He says to Noah, “And for your lifeblood I will surely demand an accounting. I will demand an accounting from every animal. And from each man, too, I will demand an accounting for the life of his fellow man (Gen 9:5).”

Having said that, the struggle between man and animal does not make them equal. Man has the greater responsibility. Made in the image of God, he has the capacity to care for God’s creation in a way that goes beyond instinct. A mother bear may do all she can to protect her cubs; a lioness hunt to feed her pride. But have you ever seen them appreciate butterflies? Or grieve for the orphans of their enemies? Birds cannot name animals or list down the differences between zebra and horse. Only human beings would appreciate the trick of the chameleon, cry for the abuse of animals not their kin, and feel burdened when beasts are driven from their homes or when there is threat of their extinction. A dog may allow a motherless kitten to nurse from her for a time, but can she give an organized and wide-ranging solution to the plight of the helpless? Would she even care? I think not.

Since God gave humans stewardship and the capacity to do great good, we are responsible for how we deal with animals even in this fallen world. We answer to God. “The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it, the world, and all who live in it (Ps. 24:1).” There are some things that God explicitly allows and some that the Bible is silent on. However, our treatment of animals where it is silent must still reflect the goodness and the character of God.

For instance, God explicitly allows us to eat animals. Genesis 9:3 affirms this. In the New Testament, Jesus declared all foods clean (Mark 7:18-19). But the focus of the permission is on eating, not on how animals are to be treated. If we think our stewardship is settled by the whole question of eating, we’ve got a serious problem.

Proverbs 12:10 (ESV) says, “Whoever is righteous has regard for the life of his beast, but the mercy of the wicked is cruel.” The righteous knows the value of life and would not kill even an animal unnecessarily. If you think about it, billions of animals die in slaughterhouses each year. Do we eat them all? Much meat is left to spoil, but poultry and cattle are bred in large numbers under terrible conditions for the sake of profit. Perhaps we are not guilty of this ourselves, but as Christians, we should care. It is not that everybody must become vegetarians; rather, we must get the awareness out so that irresponsible slaughterhouses and breeders can be shut down if they will not treat their animals with care.

How we treat our animals speaks volumes about us. If we put them in cages but treat them poorly, then we are showing we are greedy and care more for profit than for life. If we beat them or hurt them without good reason (i.e., for food) or provocation (i.e., when they’re attacking us), we show just how little we esteem God’s creation (and, therefore, God Himself). Animals have suffered a lot on human behalf (i.e., for the removal of sin,[1] for the advancement of medicine—thus, the saving of many human lives) and God allowed it because of His great love for us.

God considers human beings to be of greater value than animals. Jesus says in Matthew 6:26,
“Look at the birds of the air; they do not sow or reap or store away in barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not much more valuable than they?” And again in Luke 12:7, “You are worth more than many sparrows.” It is difficult to understand why God would love human beings so much in spite of the many atrocities they have perpetrated in the world, but we ought to remember that in the beginning, we were the crowning glory of God’s creation. And He has not given up on us. The day will still come, in Christ, when we will live up to the great potential for good God has intended for us. If we are grateful, we will begin by making sure we are taking care of His creation.

Question to Ponder:

1) In the Philippines, a chicken is sometimes beaten to death so that its blood will cling to the meat, creating a dish called pitpit. Since all foods are declared ‘clean,’ one is technically allowed to eat it. However, is it a practice we should encourage and continue? Do you think this is a question of eating or of animal abuse? Is there a difference between killing an animal and making it suffer before it dies?



[1] Regarding the time of Moses, it may appear incongruous that animals were sacrificed to the Lord even as compassion for animals was expected (Deut. 25:4). But this puzzle is easily solved when we realize the purpose of the sacrifices. Scripture says, “the law requires that nearly everything be cleansed with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness (Heb 9:23).” Unless blood is shed, we will not realize the horror and tragedy of sin. The sacrifices reminded people of this. But before you argue with God and say that animals don’t deserve to die for the sake of people [and you are right; God knows that], remember that God Himself, more innocent than animals themselves ever could be, died for you and me. The blood of the Son of God is infinitely more precious, though it was shed only once, than the blood of a million goats and calves. It’s not fair; it’s grace.




Sunday, July 28, 2013

Prostitution: Prevalent but not a Helpless, Hopeless Case

by Zhelle Capindo



According to Sol F. Juvida in Philippines - Children: Scourge of Child Prostitution, “The Philippines ranks 4th among nine nations with the most number of children in prostitution (60,000 to 100,000 as of 1997), with Metro Manila, Angeles City, Puerto Galera in Mindoro Province, Davao and Cebu as the top five areas for child prostitution and sex tourism.”1 So just imagine what could possibly be the figure now.

Isn’t it sad to see that a country like ours which is known as the only Christian country in Asia is also among those who top the list of countries where prostitution is prevalent? Ironic it seems, right? Not only that. A report from Coalition Against Trafficking of Women Asia-Pacific states that “there are around 400,000 to 500,000 prostituted persons in the country that include women, some male, transvestites and children.”2 In a video clip entitled Prostitution in the Philippines: Finding a Way Out, the reporter said that: “There are over 5,000 prostitutes in Quezon City alone.”3

Why is prostitution rampant in our country despite the fact that it is illegal? Are those people peddling flesh in the streets, taxis, bars, hotels, and even parks merely forced into the flesh trade or they are there on their own decision? But why when they surely are aware of its consequences?


Causes of Prostitution

Studies show different causes why people are into prostitution. In R. Barri Flowers’ Prostitution in the Digital Age: Selling Sex From the Suite to the Street, he mentioned several theories of the causes of prostitution such as biological, psychological, sociological, economic, and the ones which we commonly think of as what drives people into prostitution are what he calls “correlates” of prostitution like sexual abuse, substance abuse, sexual orientation/gender identity, survival sex, sexual slavery, and sexual adventure and promiscuity.4

Needless to say, poverty (plus perhaps the desire to earn money in a fast and easy way) is one of the prime reasons why prostitution is widespread in our country. For countless times, I have seen and heard reports about women from provinces being recruited to work in big cities like Manila as household helpers but when they reached the city they are prostituted, often times without the knowledge of their parents or families. Some would try to escape but sadly, others will soon give in and continue in the flesh trade in their own volition (but still under the supervision or control of their pimps) as it allows them to earn much which they usually send back home to support the needs of their families, or to help send siblings to school, or for the medications of ailing parents, but there are cases also that those individuals being prostituted are not well compensated.


Solutions to Prostitution

Some of the solutions to prostitution as suggested by the Philippine Commission on Women are the following: (1) redefine prostitution, (2) target the demand side; criminalize those who exploit people in prostitution, (3) decriminalize women in prostitution; regard them as victims not criminals, (4) define person exploited in prostitution or a prostituted person, and (5) establish support mechanisms for prostituted persons to get out of the system of prostitution.4

We certainly are not unaware that our country has laws against prostitution which can aid in working out those suggestions given above but we are equally aware that because our government is not consistent and persistent enough to implement its laws, prostitution is becoming a widespread business in the country. It is even becoming a “tourist attraction,” sad to say. However, we can still be thankful that in some parts of the country, government officials are determined to help solve the problems on prostitution. In the video clip you can see below, the reporter mentioned and I quote:

“In 2005, Quezon City passed an ordinance protecting prostituted women from arrests. After six years of visiting the streets, the ordinance is finally fully implemented today. Now, police arrests the pimps and patrons instead of the prostitutes. Streetwalkers of Cubao say, “Cases of abuse have decreased significantly.”5 

Aside from the government, there are several non-government organizations (NGO's), private advocates, or Christian organizations (like the Coalition Against Trafficking of Women in Asia-Pacific and Samaritana Transformation Ministries, Inc.) that help prostituted individuals to get out of the flesh trade. Nevertheless, it is not realistic to think that we can eradicate prostitution in just a short span of time since it has already rooted deep into the system of our society. Or perhaps it may not even realistic to think that it can be totally eradicated. Even Christianity or the Church knows that it is a problem with no “one size fits all” solution. It is a problem that needs special care and attention, effort, time, money, determination, faith, and grace.                                                     

The Role of the Church

So, where can the church be in the picture now? What do we do to help those people in the flesh trade get out of their unethical and immoral way of living? Do we even care to reach out to them?

We have seen in Jesus’ ministry how He treated people whom the community labelled as “sinners” such as the tax collectors, prostitutes, and adulterers. He did not condemn them but advised them to “go and sin no more” (John 8:11). He dined with them and took time to minister to them (Matt. 9:10-13); an act which the Pharisees considered as improper so they were resentful seeing Jesus spending time with people whom they condemn as “sinners.” But Jesus rebuked them and told them, "It is not those who are healthy who need a physician, but those who are sick” (Matt. 9:12).

Prostitution cannot be stopped overnight but it is surely not a helpless, hopeless case. Jesus Himself expressed great hope in sinners and prostitutes being saved when He said:   

“Truly I say to you that the tax collectors and prostitutes will get into the kingdom of God before you. For John came to you in the way of righteousness and you did not believe him; but the tax collectors and prostitutes did believe him; and you, seeing this, did not even feel remorse afterward so as to believe him” (Matt. 21:31-32).

One small step of reaching out to them may make a great change in their lives and ours. So, let's get involved. How? Let us ask the Lord to open up avenues where we can minister to people in the commercial sex industry. But the questions are: Are we willing to get out of our comfort zones into the streets? Are we willing to welcome them in our churches? Are we comfortable having them in our worship services? If not, then we should start praying for ourselves first; that we will stop acting like the Pharisees and start imitating what Jesus did - reach out to the "sinners" with love and compassion - which may mean going an extra mile if we are really determined to take them out from darkness into the saving knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.





          1 Sol. F. Juvida, “Philippines - Children: Scourge of Child Prostitution,” IPS, 12 October 1997, in Philippine Commission on Women: National Machinery for Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment, Anti-Prostitution Bill, http://pcw.gov.ph/anti-prostitution-bill (accessed July 26, 2013).

          2 Philippine Commission on Women: National Machinery for Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment, Prostitution Bill, http://pcw.gov.ph/anti-prostitution-bill (accessed July 26, 2013).

          3 YouTube, Prostitution in the Philippines: Finding a Way Out, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqE7g-sOAb4 (accessed July 26, 2013).

     4 R. Barri Flowers, Prostitution in the Digital Age: Selling Sex From the Suite to the Street (Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, 2011), eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed July 19, 2013).

          5 YouTube, Prostitution in the Philippines: Finding a Way Out, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqE7g-sOAb4 (accessed July 26, 2013).

Monday, July 8, 2013

Where Taxes Go: Housing the Poor

by Dags Miguel

Despite the recent improvements in the economy of the Philippines, the reality is that the country is still plagued with poverty. The government, foreign aid and even the private sector has long been trying to address the issue, and one of their known methods is resettlement and mass housing.
Photo Credit: focusonpoverty.org

Philippine Government's Plan on Resettlement
According to the website of the National Housing Authority (NHA), "The program, directed by the national leadership, involves relocation and resettlement of families residing in or along danger areas in Metro Manila particularly those along waterways such as creeks, rivers, and esteros. It is undertaken mainly through in-city multi-storey housing development utilizing government-owned land." President Aquino and the NHA plans to spend P50 Billion for 100,000 families until Aquino's final year in 2016. 

These plans have been underway since the start of Aquino's administration and have even been getting much attention from the press and social media. A report by GMA News posted this photo online regarding one of the projects of the NHA: 
Photo of a fully furnished unit for informal settlers at a relocation area in Balagtas, Bulacan. 
Photo Credit: Jun Veneracion from GMA News

According to reports, President Aquino and the NHA's plan is to specifically target urban poor families who have been living along the waterways in Metro Manila, in areas considered dangerous and critical areas for flooding and have them relocated in furnished homes (as seen in the picture above), families deeply affected each and every year during monsoon season. 

The photo reported by GMA News reflects the 4,500 units already built by the NHA in Bulacan. Plans of 3,500 units more are already in place in key Metro Manila cities for a total of 8,000 units. As described by the NHA, Instead of spending and allocating public resources for search and rescue and evacuation plans each and every year, the government has in turn focused to a much more improved resettlement and housing program. The President and even the NHA plans to offer P18,000 to 20,000 families located residing in critical flood prone areas for them to 1) temporarily find accommodation, and 2) to encourage them to finally depart from the said critical areas, all during a proposed 12-month period. In that same time, the government would resettle the families permanently as soon as projects like that in Bulacan are finalized and completed. 


The Public's Reaction
In response to the news, Filipinos turned to social media: facebook and twitter, to voice out their opinion regarding these developments. Here are a couple of reactions and comments on the photo posted by GMA News: 

  • "Yung tax ko napunta sa mga taong di nagbabayad ng tax." (My taxes are going to people who do not pay tax.) -Ma Niq
  • "Sana naging informal settler na lang ako." (I wish I became an informal settler.) -Dan Ramos
  • "This is what I call Social Injustice... Its either lupa mo ang pinag squattan then u cant just drive them away, ur oblige to provide a home for them or the government is forced to provode housing for non taxpayers? Paano naman kmi na below middle class at nagsusunog ng kilay pra mangupahan?" (So either they squat on your land and you can't drive them away... How about us below middle class trying to work hard for rent?) -Faye Mapoy

So it seems, justice doesn't reflect much for Filipinos who seem to feel that they strive and work hard day-in and out for their families welfare, only to see others get the "free pass", the benefit of taxation. The Filipino taxpayer is asking the government, is this the best way to address poverty? Are my taxes being allocated to the proper strategy? Should tax be budgeted in this manner of taking care of the poor? Is it right for the government to spend resources to people who "do not contribute to the growth of the economy"? Should taxes be allocated elsewhere instead? 


How Jesus Dealt with the Marginalized
So how did Christ himself deal with this issue? How did he relate with people deemed "outcasts" of society? What principles can be draw from his example and his teaching? For that, we look at an example from scripture: 

"Then Jesus said to his host, "When you give a luncheon or dinner, do not invite your friends, your brothers or relatives, or your rich neighbors; if you do, they may invite you back and so you will be repaid. But when you give a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind, and you will be blessed. Although they cannot repay you, you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous." -Luke 14:12-14 (NIV)


This is what Jesus expected from his followers. They were to do the socially unthinkable and be able to invite an outcast into their homes, at a most important social event in their society, Jesus wanted the privileged to look after the less fortunate. 


In another instance, he rebuked church leaders and the people in general by how he took action himself, being with the needy themselves, and not just simply teaching and preaching principles: 

“Woman, where are they? Has no one condemned you?” “No one, sir,” she said. “Then neither do I condemn you,” Jesus declared. “Go now and leave your life of sin.”" -John 8:2-11 (NIV)


This did not happen just once. This was how Jesus showed how he truly loved all people regardless of their background. Time and again, Jesus spent time talking to tax collectors, to adulterers and prostitutes, spent time conversing with them, eating with them and being with them (Luke 15:1-2; Luke 19:7; Matthew 9:10-11). He chose to love the seemingly unlovable, those rejected by society, those poorest of the poor both status and in moral standing, in order to give his followers an example to follow.


What You Can Do
So for us today, how can we help? How can we go beyond ourselves? 

1) Get to Know Them! Find an organization where intentional outreaches are being done to the marginalized and see how you can get to know them more intimately. Ever heard of Habitat for Humanity and Gawad Kalinga? Volunteer and see what you can do! Experience how it's like, hear their stories as you build side by side with men and women who are trying their best to help themselves out of poverty. 

2) Partner With Them! Support and help out organizations that give opportunities for the poor! Have you heard of Liberty Street Clothing? They're helping out survivors from challenging backgrounds through a sustainable business. Ask them how you can help them out! Check out their facebok: facebook.com/LibertyStreetClothing.



If housing is one way we can indirectly address poverty, then maybe we can make a much bigger step not just simply as taxpayers but as a compassionate people. Let us understand their situation and be with them, interact with them, to experience what it is like in their shoes. Then just maybe, we will all be able to fully grasp and understand and to make more sense ethically and morally what seems illogical and unthinkable. 



Reflection & Thoughts on the Matter

What do you personally feel about this issue? We would love to hear from you. Please share your thoughts on the matter by commenting on the "comments section" below. 


Sources: 

Tuesday, July 2, 2013

'Til Death Do Us Part

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by Beatrice Victoria Ang

In the beginning, God established a covenant between man and woman: marriage. People enter into contracts with one another all the time—paying rent, enrolling in institutions, hiring services—but all these are human inventions. None of them hold the distinction of being personally ordained by God, and certainly not during the infancy of creation.

Marriage has that distinction, but you don’t see it nowadays. With annulments and divorces happening left and right, marriage has been reduced to a piece of paper.

But that piece of paper is actually a symbol, isn’t it? If you don’t want to pay for your dinner, you can’t just tear the receipt and expect you won’t be served a lawsuit on a platter. How much more is there a Higher Witness to your marriage than your certificate.

Christ is clear, “What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate (Matt.19:6).”

Why, then, did Moses permit divorce? Because, Jesus says, your hearts were hard (Matt. 19:7-8). Humanity took the ideal of marriage—one man, one woman, joined together all their lives—and sullied it with polygamy, cruelty, and fornication. It grew worse. At the time of Moses, you could only give your wife a certificate of divorce and send her away if you found something indecent about her (עֶרְוַת דָּבָר). No one even knows what that phrase really means anymore—you know why?[1] Because men were soon divorcing their wives for any and every reason.[2] What happened? Well, with every generation, people got farther and farther from God’s ideal for marriage because they got farther and farther away from God.

Jesus had to set them right. It was not this way from the beginning (v.9). Divorce should not be the norm.


Marriage is no trifling matter. For this reason, differences in personalities, falling out of love, interfering in-laws, unexciting sex life, barrenness, mid-life crisis, inexplicable unhappiness, the desire to be single and free— these are hardly things worth separating over. Husband and wife must stay committed even as they work through their problems, for better or worse, for all their days on earth. A man who stays with an invalid wife all her life though she can give nothing back, for instance, is praiseworthy indeed for keeping his covenant of love.  
Yet, in cases where there is threat to life, marital unfaithfulness, or abuse, it seems divorce is the only way out. Does that make divorce a permissible last resort? Many would say so, if they do not recommend permanent separation at least. Among the Gospel writers, Matthew brings up marital unfaithfulness as grounds for divorce but does not elaborate. It would be equally fruitless to bring in Paul’s (well, not his, but the Lord’s) instructions in 1 Corinthians 7, since it is but a reiteration of the principle that wives and husbands should not separate, which we have already established. They do not deal with exceptions, but common sense tells us there has to be exceptions. I appeal to the character of God.

If we think of the character of God and consider His hatred for murder, especially the mutilation of the imago dei, and His compassion for the weak, then the protection of one’s own life and well being (not to mention of the children’s) must take precedence over upholding the marriage covenant. In these circumstances, we allow for divorce. What about remarriage?

Here, the Bible seems to make no exceptions. So long as the spouse is alive, a divorced person who remarries is guilty of adultery. Jesus says so in the three Gospels that mention the subject of remarriage (Matt. 19:11; 5:32; Mk. 10:10; Lk. 16:18). Paul affirms it (Rom. 7:3).

But the human heart cries out that this is no longer a question of right or wrong. The real question is: if I get divorced and I remarry, would God forgive me? The petition for forgiveness is an acknowledgement that they know in their hearts they’ve fallen short of God’s ideal for marriage; they know they’ve made a mistake—whether in marrying rashly in the first place or in not fighting for that marriage when the going got tough. But they’re longing for a second chance at happiness—and they’re wondering if God would begrudge them that.

What if my wife’s unfaithfulness has caused her to contract a life-long disease? I cannot reconcile with her. She has caused me to suffer enough—can’t I go find my happiness with another, more worthy partner? What if my husband never changes for the better? How can I wait for a scoundrel all my life?

God forgave even adulterers (Jn. 8:1-11). If you choose to remarry, God would forgive you for that. But that’s just it with us humans, isn’t it? We like His forgiveness—we don’t care about honoring Him.

So here are my last words on this topic (for now)—for men and women both:

Oppressed one, it is up to you. If you choose to separate from your spouse, you are justified. If you choose to remarry, you are forgiven. But if you choose to remain as you are (separated but unmarried), then we are with you in your desire to honor God.




[1] Though I am not convinced of his interpretation, Anthony Garrett’s article provides a helpful background for the problem of understanding this phrase, "A New Understanding of the Divorce and Remarriage Legislation in Deuteronomy 24:1-4," Jewish Bible Quarterly 39, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 245-250, ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost (accessed July 1, 2013).

[2] This was no doubt debated during Jesus’s day, for the Pharisees used it to test him. For a compelling discussion on how Jews may have viewed divorce during the time of Jesus based on literary analysis of the gospel accounts, extrabiblical accounts, and the Dead Sea scrolls, see C D. Elledge, "‘From the Beginning It Was Not So...’: Jesus, Divorce, and Remarriage in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls," Perspectives In Religious Studies 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 371-389, ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost (accessed July 1, 2013).